Reading Order
Journey to the WestJourney to the West Reading Order
Journey to the West (1592), attributed to Wu Cheng'en, is one of the four great classical novels of Chinese literature and arguably the most globally influential Chinese narrative ever written — the source of the Monkey King, the character who has traveled from Tang dynasty pilgrimage narrative into anime, manga, comic books, video games, and children's television across the entire world. The novel follows the Buddhist monk Xuanzang (the historical Xuanzang who traveled to India in the seventh century) as he journeys westward to retrieve Buddhist scriptures from India, accompanied by three disciples acquired along the way: the irrepressible, shape-shifting monkey Sun Wukong; the gluttonous and lecherous pig-demon Zhu Bajie; and the water monster Sha Wujing. The journey encompasses ninety-nine demons and adventures spread across one hundred chapters; its comedy, its cosmology, and its endlessly inventive supernatural imagination have made it inexhaustible.
Where to start
Journey to the West
Complete Journey to the West Book List
- 1Buy
Journey to the West (4 vols)
Wu Cheng'en·1592·Anthony Yu's complete four-volume translation (Chicago) — scholarly and complete. - 2Buy
Monkey (abridged)
Wu Cheng'en·1592·Arthur Waley's classic abridged translation — thirty chapters, still the most readable introduction. - 3Buy
Dream of the Red Chamber
Cao Xueqin·1791·The other great Qing novel — entirely different in tone but equally essential. - 4Buy
The Romance of the Three Kingdoms
Luo Guanzhong·1522·Military epic and political drama — the most historically grounded of the four classical novels. - 5Buy
Water Margin
Shi Nai'an·1589·The outlaw epic — 108 heroes at Mount Liang, the Chinese novel of rebellion and brotherhood.
Journey to the West — Frequently Asked Questions
Should I read the complete translation or the abridged version?
Arthur Waley's Monkey (thirty chapters, widely available) is the most accessible entry point and one of the great translations in English. Anthony Yu's four-volume Chicago translation is complete and scholarly. For a first read, Waley; for depth, Yu.
Who is the Monkey King, and why is he so famous?
Sun Wukong — the Monkey King — is a stone monkey who learns magic, acquires immortality and a staff that can extend to fill the universe, declares himself the Great Sage Equal to Heaven, is defeated by the Buddha and imprisoned under a mountain for five hundred years, and is released to accompany Xuanzang. He is one of the great comic heroes of world literature.
Is Journey to the West a religious text or a novel?
Both. It is a fully realized comic novel of adventure and character that also functions as a Buddhist allegory of the soul's journey toward enlightenment. The journey is simultaneously literal and metaphorical; the novel can be enjoyed at either level.
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