Reading Order

The Woman in White

The Woman in White Reading Order

The Woman in White (1859-60) by Wilkie Collins is the novel that established the sensation genre in Victorian fiction — a story of conspiracy, impersonation, and the deliberate suppression of a woman's identity organized around the figure of the mysterious Anne Catherick (the woman in white of the title) and the conspiracy of Count Fosco and Sir Percival Glyde to deprive Laura Fairlie of her inheritance. The novel is told through multiple first-person narratives by the various witnesses and participants in the events — a technique Collins had used with even greater structural sophistication in The Moonstone — and is built around a mystery that the reader can in principle solve from the available evidence. Count Fosco is one of the great villains of Victorian fiction — enormously fat, obsessed with his white mice, genuinely intelligent, and possessed of a charm that makes him more appealing than most of the novel's heroines — and the novel's most surprising formal move is the decision to give Fosco his own final confession, which is far more honest about his motivations than any of the morally earnest narrators manage to be.

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The Woman in White (1859)

Complete The Woman in White Book List

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    The Woman in White

    Wilkie Collins·1859
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The Woman in White — Frequently Asked Questions

Is The Woman in White or The Moonstone Collins's best novel?

The question has been debated since both novels were published, and there is no consensus answer. The Moonstone is more often cited as the founding detective novel and has a more elegantly mechanical plot; The Woman in White has the richer cast of characters (Fosco is arguably the best character Collins ever wrote), a more emotionally involving central situation (Laura's identity suppression), and the more sustained social analysis (the legal vulnerability of married women in Victorian England). Most readers who love Collins find themselves attached to whichever they read first and find the comparison invidious; reading both is the only satisfactory answer.

Who is Count Fosco, and why is he so memorable?

Count Fosco is a large Italian aristocrat — literally enormous, with an affinity for white mice and canaries that he keeps about his person — who is the novel's master villain and its most intellectually impressive character. He is extraordinary for a Victorian villain because he is genuinely charming, genuinely intelligent, and genuinely aware of what he is doing — his final confession is honest in a way that the novel's nominally good characters rarely manage to be. Dickens compared him to the most memorable characters in literature and said that he was afraid of him; the novel's villainess Marian Halcombe (who is admired by Fosco, which increases her interest) regards him with a mixture of horror and fascination that most readers share.

What is the legal situation of women in The Woman in White?

The Woman in White is organized around a legal reality of 1850s England: under the law of coverture, a married woman's legal identity merged with her husband's, leaving her with no independent legal existence, no right to her own property, and no legal recognition apart from through her husband. The conspiracy against Laura Fairlie exploits this: by substituting Anne Catherick for Laura (and allowing Anne to die as 'Lady Glyde'), Sir Percival and Fosco can present Laura (who is then kept imprisoned in an asylum) as Anne Catherick and claim her inheritance. The legal situation that makes this possible is not particularly dramatized in the novel, but it is the real subject — the conspiracy is made possible by a legal structure that treats women as property.

What happens to Marian Halcombe?

Marian Halcombe is the most memorable character in the novel — Laura's half-sister, ugly by Victorian standards (Collins is explicit about this) but possessed of a powerful intelligence, practical ability, and personal courage that none of the novel's other characters (including the nominal hero Walter Hartright) approach. She carries the novel's middle sections almost single-handedly; her diary, which documents the conspiracy against Laura with extraordinary precision, is the most vivid writing in the book. She eventually survives, lives with Laura and Walter after their marriage, and is the emotional center of the family they establish. Fosco's admiration for her is the clearest sign of his genuine intelligence — he alone, of all the novel's characters, fully appreciates what she is.

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