Reading Order
Il ne faut jurer de rienIl ne faut jurer de rien Reading Order
Il ne faut jurer de rien (One Should Never Swear, 1836) by Alfred de Musset is the most perfectly executed of his Proverbes dramatiques — short plays written to illustrate a moral or proverbial wisdom — and one of the most delightful works in the French Romantic theater. Valentin, a confirmed young bachelor who swears he will never marry, is challenged by his uncle to spend a week in the country attempting to seduce Cecile, the young woman his uncle has chosen for him, to prove that she is unworthy of marriage. Valentin sets out to seduce and expose her, spends a week in her company, discovers she is charming, wise, and generous, and falls in love with her. The play is a comedy of the ironized Romantic type — its hero is disarmed by exactly what he was sent to defeat, and the moral ('Il ne faut jurer de rien') is proven by his own experience. Musset writes with extraordinary lightness and tact: the play never loses its comedy for the sake of sentiment, and the sentiment is all the more moving for remaining understated and indirect.
Where to start
Read the three acts in order — the play is short (around 40 pages) and perfectly paced. Read it alongside Fantasio and Il faut qu'une porte soit ouverte ou fermée as part of the Proverbes collection; the three together give a full picture of Musset's achievement in this form.
Complete Il ne faut jurer de rien Book List
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Il ne faut jurer de rien
Alfred de Musset·1836·Available in French in the Comédies et Proverbes collection (Gallimard Folio or GF Flammarion) and in the Pléiade Théâtre complet. Usually anthologized with the other Proverbes in English collections of French Romantic drama. - Buy
Fantasio
OptionalAlfred de Musset·1834·The earlier play that established Musset's tone for the Proverbes — the best companion to Il ne faut jurer de rien.
Il ne faut jurer de rien — Frequently Asked Questions
What is a Proverbe dramatique and how does Musset use the form?
The Proverbe dramatique is a short play built around a moral or proverbial maxim — originally a parlor game played by aristocratic families in the eighteenth century, in which actors improvised or wrote short plays to illustrate a proverb, with the audience guessing which proverb was being illustrated. The form was codified by Carmontelle (1717-1806) in a series of published Proverbes, and Musset took it up and raised it to literary art. His Proverbes are not improvised parlor games but carefully crafted short dramas, usually in one or two acts, in which the situation is constructed to enact the moral rather than simply state it. In Il ne faut jurer de rien, the title proverb ('One should never swear') is proven by the plot: Valentin swears he will never marry and is then immediately led by circumstances to want to. The beauty of Musset's use of the form is that the moral is never stated directly — it emerges from the situation itself, which makes it feel like wisdom rather than instruction.
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