Recommendations

Books Like Antigone by Jean Anouilh

Plays about absolute refusal and the cost of moral purity

Anouilh's Antigone asked the most urgent moral question of the Occupation: is absolute refusal — even to death — more admirable than pragmatic responsibility? These plays share that same question about the price of purity.

  1. Antigone cover
    1

    Antigone

    by Sophocles

    The original — Anouilh's entire play is in dialogue with Sophocles; reading both together shows what Anouilh kept, what he modernized, and what he stripped of its religious framework

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  2. La Sauvage cover
    2

    La Sauvage

    by Jean Anouilh

    Anouilh's earlier black play — the poor musician's daughter who cannot accept happiness; the existentialist refusal in its most direct form before the Occupation gave it political meaning

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  3. Huis Clos cover
    3

    Huis Clos

    by Jean-Paul Sartre

    No Exit — opened the same year as Anouilh's Antigone; Sartre's theatrical existentialism shares the atmosphere of the Occupation and the question of freedom without God

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  4. La Guerre de Troie n'aura pas lieu cover
    4

    La Guerre de Troie n'aura pas lieu

    by Jean Giraudoux

    Tiger at the Gates — the other great French interwar play about the futility of rational resistance to fate; the pre-war counterpart to Antigone's wartime moral question

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  5. Becket ou l'Honneur de Dieu cover
    5

    Becket ou l'Honneur de Dieu

    by Jean Anouilh

    Anouilh's later historical play — Thomas Becket's refusal to compromise with Henry II; the same absolute moral choice as Antigone in a medieval English setting

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  6. La Machine infernale cover
    6

    La Machine infernale

    by Jean Cocteau

    Cocteau's Oedipus rewriting — another 1930s French classical myth retelling; the gods as engineers of fate rather than Anouilh's gods as the framework Antigone refuses

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  7. L'Annonce faite à Marie cover
    7

    L'Annonce faite à Marie

    by Paul Claudel

    The major French Catholic drama — Violaine's acceptance of leprosy and sanctity; the Christian version of Antigone's absolute refusal of a compromised world

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  8. La Reine morte cover
    8

    La Reine morte

    by Henry de Montherlant

    The neo-classical counterpart — Ferrante's execution of Inês knowing it is unjust; the Racinian investigation of power and moral self-consciousness

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